निश्चयवाद या नियतिवाद या प्रकृतिवाद या पर्यावरण निश्चयवाद या वातावरण निश्चयवाद (Environmental Determinism) विचारधारा क्या है ?
निश्चयवाद या नियतिवाद या प्रकृतिवाद या पर्यावरण निश्चयवाद या वातावरण निश्चयवाद (Environmental Determinism) विचारधारा :-
👉इस विचारधारा का प्रतिपादन जर्मन भूगोलवेता फ्रेडरिक रेटजेल (Friedrich Ratzel) ने किया था।
👉रेटजेल का मत था कि “मानव, अपने वातावरण की उपज” (man is a product of his environment) अथवा "मानव भूतल की उपज है” (Man is a product of the earth) ।
👉इस विचारधारा के सब भूगोलवेत्ताओं का मानना है कि प्रकृति महान है और मनुष्य प्रकृति का दास है (Human is a slave of Nature)।
👉मनुष्य को अपनी सभी क्रियाएं प्राकृतिक वातावरण के नियन्त्रण में रहते हुए करनी पड़ती हैं।
Determinism or Fatalism or Naturalism or Environmental Determinism or Environmental Determinism School of thought:-
👉This school of thought was propounded by German geographer Friedrich Ratzel.
👉Ratzel was of the opinion that “man is a product of his environment” or “man is a product of the earth”.
👉All the geographers of this school of thought believe that nature is great and man is a slave of nature.
👉Man has to do all his activities under the control of the natural environment.
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💥निश्चयवाद या नियतिवाद या प्रकृतिवाद या पर्यावरण निश्चयवाद या वातावरण निश्चयवाद (Environmental Determinism) विचारधारा क्या है ? https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2024/12/environmental-determinism.html
💥Major Geographic Books - Author (Geographer) प्रमुख भौगोलिक पुस्तकें - लेखक (भूगोलवेत्ता) https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2024/12/major-geographic-books-author-geographer.html
💥नवनिश्चयवाद या आधुनिक निश्चयवाद अथवा रुको और जाओ निश्चयवाद अथवा वैज्ञानिक निश्चयवाद (Neo Environmental Determinism) विचारधारा क्या है ? https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2024/12/neo-environmental-determinism.html
💥Class 12 Geography Chapter wise Essay Types Questions https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2022/09/class-12-chapter-wise-essay-types.html
💥Class 12th GEOGRAPHY Chapter Wise IMPORTANT QUESTIONS https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2022/12/class-12th-geography-chapter-wise.html
💥Class 12 Geography Book I Fundamentals of Human Geography Quick Revision Questions for Board Exam https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2022/04/class-12-fundamentals-of-human.html
💥Class 12 Geography Book II India - People and Economy Quick Revision Questions for Board Exam https://abhimanyusir.blogspot.com/2022/04/class-12-geography-book-ii-india-people.html
💥Class 12th Geography Chapter Wise Short and Essay Types Questions from CBSE Previous Year Papers
Book 1 (Fundamentals of Human Geography) (मानव भूगोल के मूल सिद्धांत)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 1 मानव भूगोल: प्रकृति एवं विषय – क्षेत्र (Human Geography - Nature and Scope)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 2 विश्व जनसंख्या: वितरण, घनत्व और वृद्धि (World Population - Distribution, Density and Growth)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 3 मानव विकास (Human Development)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 4 प्राथमिक क्रियाकलाप (Primary Activities)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 5 द्वितीयक क्रियाकलाप (Secondary Activities)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 6 तृतीयक और चतुर्थक क्रियाकलाप (Tertiary and Quaternary Activities)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 7 परिवहन और संचार (Transport and Communication)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 8 अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व्यापार (International Trade)
Book 2 (India - People and Economy) (भारत – लोग और अर्थव्यवस्था)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 1 जनसंख्या: वितरण, घनत्व, वृद्धि और संघटन (Population - Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 2 मानव बस्तियाँ (Human Settlements)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 3 भूसंसाधन तथा कृषि (Land Resources and Agriculture)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 4 जल संसाधन (Water Resources)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 5 खनिज तथा ऊर्जा संसाधन (Mineral and Energy Resources)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 6 भारत के सन्दर्भ में नियोजन और सतत पोषणीय विकास (Planning and Sustainable Development in Indian Context)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 7 परिवहन और संचार (Transport and Communication)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 8 अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व्यापार (International Trade)
💥CBSE Previous Year Papers Short and Essay Types Questions from Chapter 9 भौगोलिक परिप्रेक्ष्य में चयनित कुछ मुद्दे एवं समस्याएँ (Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems)