These answers are as per Code 32/5/2 SET -2. Questions are same in other SETs, Just sequence of questions are change. You can match your answers by complete sentence.
Q 2 D It does not allow room to correct mistake.
Q 3 D 10060
Q 4 C 59%
Q 5 D I and II
Q 6 D Primary sector, especially unorganized sector.
Q 7 C Organized Sector
Q 8 D The Reserve Bank of India.
Q 9 D United States of America
Q 10 D Access information instantly across countries
Q 11 C Economic system
Q 12 C Bible
Q 13 D Vallabhbhai Patel
Q 14 B She took part in the French Revolution
Q 15 C Commercial farming – use of higher doses of modern inputs
Q 16 A 1972
Q 17 B Mining
Q 18 B Sinhala
Q 19 B I, II and IV
Q 20 D As per the constitution, religion can never be separated from politics.
Q 21 The Global Depression (1929) had the following effects on India:-
1) Labor is displaced
2) Increased flow of capital
3) Technological development took place
4) Transport and communication means developed
5) With the development of refrigerators, products started reaching other countries
6) The form of farming changed from subsistence to commercial
7) Waterways and ships were developed
Q 22 India is presently one of the least energy efficient countries in the world. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. For example, as concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles; switching off electricity when not in use, using power-saving devices and using non-conventional sources of energy. After all, “energy saved is energy produced”.
OR
The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which in turn has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy. Moreover, increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems. Hence, there is a pressing need to use renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material. These are called non-conventional energy sources.
Q 23 Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community. Communalism involves thinking along the following lines: -
👉The followers of a particular religion must belong to one community.
👉Their fundamental interests are the same.
👉Any difference that they may have is irrelevant or trivial for community life.
👉It also follows that people who follow different religions cannot belong to the same social community.
👉If the followers of different religion have some commonalities these are superficial and immaterial.
👉Their interests are bound to be different and involve a conflict.
👉In its extreme form communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions cannot live as equal citizens within one nation.
👉Either one of them has to dominate the rest or they have to form different nations.
Q 24 To increase the employment opportunities in rural areas:
(i) It is necessary to invest in the basic industries so that more and more people should be employed.
(ii) transportation facility should be increased.
(iii) Increasing of vocational education courses which will increase the job opportunities in other ways also due to which people can easily educate themselves for the vocation jobs.
(iv) By giving incentives the capacity of industry in the rural areas employment opportunities can be increased.
Q 25 Flexibility in labor laws helps companies in the following ways:-
1) In this, companies appoint workers according to the workload, without cutting down on raw materials, that is, when more goods are to be produced, they appoint more workers, and when the workload is less, they keep some workers and remove the rest. .
2) In this the companies give temporary employment to the workers.
3) In this the companies get labor at low cost.
4) In this, companies appoint workers on the basis of seasonal demand, so that they do not have to pay salary throughout the year.
5) In this, companies make workers work for long hours.
Q 26 India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 56 lakh km. In India, roadways have preceded railways. They still have an edge over railways in view of the ease with which they can be built and maintained. The growing importance of road transport vis-à-vis rail transport is rooted in the following reasons;
(a) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines,
(b) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography,
(c) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas,
(d) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances,
(e) It also provides door-to-door service; thus, the cost of loading and unloading is much lower,
Q 24 To increase the employment opportunities in rural areas:
(i) It is necessary to invest in the basic industries so that more and more people should be employed.
(ii) transportation facility should be increased.
(iii) Increasing of vocational education courses which will increase the job opportunities in other ways also due to which people can easily educate themselves for the vocation jobs.
(iv) By giving incentives the capacity of industry in the rural areas employment opportunities can be increased.
Q 25 Flexibility in labor laws helps companies in the following ways:-
1) In this, companies appoint workers according to the workload, without cutting down on raw materials, that is, when more goods are to be produced, they appoint more workers, and when the workload is less, they keep some workers and remove the rest. .
2) In this the companies give temporary employment to the workers.
3) In this the companies get labor at low cost.
4) In this, companies appoint workers on the basis of seasonal demand, so that they do not have to pay salary throughout the year.
5) In this, companies make workers work for long hours.
Q 26 India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 56 lakh km. In India, roadways have preceded railways. They still have an edge over railways in view of the ease with which they can be built and maintained. The growing importance of road transport vis-à-vis rail transport is rooted in the following reasons;
(a) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines,
(b) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography,
(c) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas,
(d) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances,
(e) It also provides door-to-door service; thus, the cost of loading and unloading is much lower,
(f) Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and seaports.
Q 27 The Non-Cooperation Movement began in January 1921. Various social groups participated in this movement. The movement started with middle-class participation in the cities. Thousands of students left government-controlled schools and colleges, headmasters and teachers resigned, and lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections were boycotted in most provinces.
Effect of non-cooperation movement: -
The effects of non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramatic. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from Rs 102 crore to Rs 57 crore. In many places merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
1) Demand for Indian goods increased.
2) Cotton cloth production increased.
3) The handloom industry (Khadi) flourished.
4) The feeling of national unity increased.
5) Dependence on foreign goods decreased.
6) Swadeshi was promoted.
7) The public took part in the movement in a big way.
8) The morale of Indians increased.
9) The freedom movement got a new direction.
OR
The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council on 18 March 1919. In this, the police could arrest Indians only on the basis of suspicion and could keep them in jail for 2 years without legal proceedings. In the Rowlatt Act, the prisoner did not have the right to make a legal appeal, so the Indian national leaders called the Rowlatt Act as 'Black Law'. The basic objective of the British government behind the Rowlatt Act was to crush the struggle of Indian citizens for self-rule. On 06 April 1919, a strike was started by Gandhiji against Rowlatt, which is called 'Rowlatt Satyagraha'. In the Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji appealed to the people not to follow the Satyagraha i.e. law and arrest them. On the call of Gandhi ji, people boycotted foreign clothes, schools, colleges, shops, railways, banks etc. Strikes, stop work campaign, processions and demonstrations etc. were used by the people as a method of protest in Rowlatt Satyagraha. However, on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar's Jallianwala Bagh, Gandhiji withdrew the Rowlatt Satyagraha due to the massacre organized by General Dyer at a huge public meeting in protest against the Rowlatt Act.
Effect of non-cooperation movement: -
The effects of non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramatic. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from Rs 102 crore to Rs 57 crore. In many places merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.
1) Demand for Indian goods increased.
2) Cotton cloth production increased.
3) The handloom industry (Khadi) flourished.
4) The feeling of national unity increased.
5) Dependence on foreign goods decreased.
6) Swadeshi was promoted.
7) The public took part in the movement in a big way.
8) The morale of Indians increased.
9) The freedom movement got a new direction.
OR
The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council on 18 March 1919. In this, the police could arrest Indians only on the basis of suspicion and could keep them in jail for 2 years without legal proceedings. In the Rowlatt Act, the prisoner did not have the right to make a legal appeal, so the Indian national leaders called the Rowlatt Act as 'Black Law'. The basic objective of the British government behind the Rowlatt Act was to crush the struggle of Indian citizens for self-rule. On 06 April 1919, a strike was started by Gandhiji against Rowlatt, which is called 'Rowlatt Satyagraha'. In the Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji appealed to the people not to follow the Satyagraha i.e. law and arrest them. On the call of Gandhi ji, people boycotted foreign clothes, schools, colleges, shops, railways, banks etc. Strikes, stop work campaign, processions and demonstrations etc. were used by the people as a method of protest in Rowlatt Satyagraha. However, on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar's Jallianwala Bagh, Gandhiji withdrew the Rowlatt Satyagraha due to the massacre organized by General Dyer at a huge public meeting in protest against the Rowlatt Act.
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